GENERAL INDICATOR OF SOIL QUALITY AND INCIDENCE OF PHYTOPARASITIC NEMATODES IN 20 FARMS IN VALLE DEL CAUCA CULTIVATED WITH Musa spp.
Abstract
The production of Musa spp. has increased considerably, bringing economic benefits to Valle del Cauca, but causing strong degradation of the edaphic fauna and physicochemical properties of the soil. Soil quality and health were evaluated using the General Soil Quality Indicator (IGCS) in 20 farms in 8 municipalities of the department, combining the sub-indicators and their direct relationship with the incidence of phytoparasitic and free-living nematodes, to identify and propose sustainable management of the productive units. Variables associated with soil diversity were determined: edaphic fauna, fertility, physicochemical properties and aggregate morphology. The municipality of Yotoco had higher IGCS values with a large amount of SOM, few diseases and good integrated pest management (value = 1). As well as for the Phytoparasitic Nematode Incidence Indicator (value = 0.3), the municipality of Palmira had the highest number of genera of phytoparasitic nematodes found by little plant cover, such as Rotylenchulus in roots and soil reported for the department; exceeding the economic threshold (1000-2000 individuals 100g/soil), causing losses of more than 50% of the crop and being the most propitious locality for the implementation of soil restoration technologies
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