CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES TO DEFINE THE AGRICULTURAL APTITUDE OF VERTISOLS OF THE MEXICAN BAJIO

Abstract

The determination of chemical attributes of soils allows establishing parameters of aptitude and quality, which refers to its capacity for the functioning of the ecosystem, sustainability and productivity. In Mexico, particularly for vertisols, studies address few aspects related to chemical attributes that allow defining their agricultural suitability. The carbon content of the soil, together with the chemical properties, are indicators of quality and influence the contents of N, Ca, Mg and pH, among others. The objective of this research was to generate specific ranges to define the agricultural suitability of vertisols. For this, soils classified as vertisols were used, coming from Jaral del Refugio in Acámbaro, Guanajuato, México; which were sampled at five points. The average pH range was 6-7, the EC was 0.06-0.18 dS m-1 as a result of the null supply of fertilizers, the organic matter of the soil is considered within a high range (>5.46%), as well as for N with value >1.12%. The medium range for easily oxidizable carbon obtained a value of 371-531 mg kg-1, while soluble Ca and Mg remained similar in content caused by stability and retention in soil clays. The soluble forms of C reported a minimum value of <42.48, <6.75 and <32.90 mg kg-1 of CTD, CID and COD; respectively. The practical contributions can optimize the processes of agricultural management to which vertisols are subjected, having a positive impact on the profitability of the production and environmental system.